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Sunday, March 18, 2012
Tuesday, March 13, 2012
Parainfluenza viruses
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Common Cold |
- A group of large RNA-containing viruses that cause infections of the respiratory tract producing mild influenza-like symptoms.
- They are included in the paramyxovirus group. ( Search mxyovirus )
Sore Throat Due to Inflammation
Causes
The common cold is caused by a virus. There are over 200 different viruses that can cause a cold, including:- Rhinovirus
- Corona virus
- Adenovirus
- Coxsackie virus
- Paramyxovirus
- Parainfluenza virus
- Respiratory syncytial virus
Risk
A risk factor is something that increases your chance of getting a disease or condition.Risk factors for a cold are:- Being near someone who has a cold
- Touching your nose, mouth, or eyes with contaminated fingers
- Having allergies (lengthens duration of cold)
- Smoking or being near cigarette smoke (due to decreased resistance)
- Stress (due to decreased resistance)
- Sex: female (especially around menstrual periods)
Symptoms
Symptoms include:- Sore or scratchy throat
- Stuffy nose (hard to breathe through your nose)
- Runny nose
- Sneezing
- Itchy, stuffed sensation in the ears
- Watery eyes
- Slight cough
- Headache
- Aches and pains
- Low energy
- Low-grade fever
Sunday, March 11, 2012
Nitric Oxide
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| Nitric Oxide |
- An important member of the group of gaseous mediators, which - together with amine mediators ( e.g. adrenaline, noradrenaline, histamine, acetylcholine ) and lipid mediators ( e.g. prostaglandins ) - produce many physiological responses ( e.g smooth muscle relaxation ).
- Nitric oxide is involved in the manifestations of sepsis and septic shock.
- Formula NO
Saturday, March 10, 2012
Somatostatin ( growth-hormone-release inhibiting factor )
- A hormone, produced by the hypothalamus and some extraneural tissues, including the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas ( search islets of Langerhans ), that inhibits growth hormone ( somatotrophin ) released by the pituitary gland.
- Both growth-hormone releasing hormone and somatostatin are controlled by complex neural mechanisms related to sleep rhythms, stress, neurotransmitters, blood glucose and exercise.
- Its inhibitory effect on gastrointestinal secretions is used to reduce flow from fistula from the pancreas or bowel to the body surface.
- Its effect on reducing abdominal blood flow is used to reduce bleeding from oesophageal varices.
- Somatostatin analogues are used to treat acromegaly, caused by over production of growth hormone, and to relieve the symptoms caused by hormone-secreting neuroendocrine tumours.
- They include lanreotide ( Somatuline ) and octreotide ( Sandostatin ).
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